ethula:
I-Photovoltaic(PV) amaphaneli elanga athathwa njengomthombo wamandla ahlanzekile futhi asimeme, kodwa kukhona ukukhathazeka ngokuthi kuzokwenzekani kulawa maphaneli ekupheleni kokusebenza kwawo.Njengoba amandla elanga ethandwa kakhulu emhlabeni wonke, ukuthola izixazululo ezisimeme zei-photovoltaicukulahlwa kwamamojula sekubalulekile.Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi amamojula e-PV angasetshenziswa kabusha futhi asetshenziswe kabusha ekupheleni kwempilo yawo ewusizo, anikeze indlela yokunciphisa umthelela wemvelo nokwandisa ukusebenza kahle kwezinsiza.
Okwamanje, isilinganiso sempilo yei-photovoltaicamamojula cishe 25 kuya 30 iminyaka.Ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, ukusebenza kwabo kuqala ukwehla futhi ukusebenza kahle kwabo kuba kungasebenzi kahle.Nokho, izinto ezikula maphaneli zisabalulekile futhi zingasetshenziswa kahle.Ukubuyisela kabusha amamojula e-PV kuhilela inqubo yokubuyisela izinto ezibalulekile njengengilazi, i-aluminium, i-silicon nesiliva, engasetshenziswa kabusha ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene.
Enye yezinselelo eziyinhloko ekusetshenzisweni kabusha kwamamojula e-PV ubukhona bezinto eziyingozi, njengomthofu ne-cadmium, ezitholakala kakhulu ezingqimbeni ze-semiconducting zamaphaneli.Ukuze kudambiswe le nkinga, abacwaningi nochwepheshe bezimboni bayaqhubeka nokusebenzela ekuthuthukiseni ubuchwepheshe obusha nezindlela zokukhipha nokulahla ngokuphepha lezi zinto ezingase zibe yingozi.Ngezindlela ezintsha, izinto eziyingozi zingakhishwa ngaphandle kokungcolisa indawo ezungezile.
Izinkampani nezinhlangano eziningana sezithuthukilei-photovoltaicizinhlelo zokugaywa kabusha.Isibonelo, inhlangano yaseYurophu i-PV Cycle iqoqa futhi igaywe kabushai-photovoltaicamamojula kulo lonke izwekazi.Baqinisekisa lokhoi-photovoltaicimfucuza ilawulwa ngendlela efanele futhi izinto ezibalulekile ziyatholwa.Imizamo yabo ayigcini nje ukunciphisa umthelela wemvelo wamaphaneli alahliwe, kodwa futhi ifaka isandla emnothweni oyindilinga ngokubuyisela lezi zinto emjikelezweni wokukhiqiza.
E-United States, i-National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) isebenzela ukuthuthukisai-photovoltaicubuchwepheshe bokubuyisela kabusha imojuli.I-NREL ihlose ukuthuthukisa izixazululo ezibiza izindleko nezinokwehla ukuze kubhekwane nokwanda okulindelekile kwenani lamaphaneli asethathe umhlalaphansi eminyakeni ezayo.Ilabhorethri isebenzela ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwezinqubo ezikhona zokugaywa kabusha kanye nokuhlola ubuchwepheshe obusha bokukhipha izinto ezinenani eliphezulu ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwesimeme.i-photovoltaicimboni.
Ukwengeza, ukuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe kuqhuba ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kahle nokusimemei-photovoltaicamamojula.Abanye abakhiqizi basebenzisa izinto ezigaywa kabusha kalula futhi ezigwema izinto eziyingozi ngokuphelele.Le ntuthuko ayenzi nje kuphela izinqubo zokuvuselela kabusha zesikhathi esizayo zibe nzima kakhulu, kodwa futhi yehlisa umthelela wemvelo wokukhiqiza nokulahlwa.
Nakuba ukugaywa kabusha kwamamojula e-PV kubalulekile, ukwelula impilo yabo yesevisi ngokulungiswa okufanele kubaluleke ngokufanayo.Ukuhlanza nokuhlola okuvamile kusiza ukuhlonza nokuxazulula izinkinga ezingaba khona, kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle nokuphila isikhathi eside.Ukwengeza, ukuphromotha nokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza zempilo yesibili eziphinda zisebenzise amaphaneli anqanyuliwe kwezinye izinto, njengokunika amandla izindawo ezikude noma iziteshi zokushaja, kungase kunwebe ukusebenza kwawo futhi kubambezele isidingo sokugaywa kabusha.
Kafushane,i-photovoltaicamamojula angaphinda asetshenziswe kabusha futhi aphinde asetshenziswe ekupheleni kwempilo yawo ewusizo.Ukugaywa kabusha nokulahlwa ngendlela efanele kwamaphaneli ahoxisiwe kubalulekile ukuze kuncishiswe imfucuza kanye nomthelela emvelweni.Imboni, uhulumeni kanye nezikhungo zocwaningo zisebenza ngenkuthalo ukuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe nezindlela ezingagcini nje ngokwenza inqubo iphephe kodwa futhi ezivumela ukutholwa kwezinto ezibalulekile.Ngokuhlanganisa izinqubo ezisimeme, ukunweba impilo yamaphaneli, kanye nokutshala imali kwingqalasizinda yokuvuselela kabusha, imboni yelanga ingaqhubeka nokukhula kuyilapho inciphisa umthelela wayo emhlabeni.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-21-2023